NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration)
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- Country: USA
- Founder: Dwight D. Eisenhower
- Year: 1958
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Roscosmos (Russian Federal Space Agency)
- Country: Russia
- Founder: Sergei Korolev
- Year: 1992
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ESA (European Space Agency)
- Country: Multiple European countries
- Founder: Various European governments
- Year: 1975
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CNSA (China National Space Administration)
- Country: China
- Founder: State Council of the People’s Republic of China
- Year: 1993
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ISRO (Indian Space Research Organisation)
- Country: India
- Founder: Dr. Vikram Sarabhai
- Year: 1969
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JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency)
- Country: Japan
- Founder: Government of Japan
- Year: 2003 (successor to previous Japanese )
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CSA (Canadian Space Agency)
- Country: Canada
- Founder: Canadian government
- Year: 1989
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UK Space Agency
- Country: United Kingdom
- Founder: British government
- Year: 2010
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SpaceX
- Country: USA
- Founder: Elon Musk
- Year: 2002
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Blue Origin
- Country: USA
- Founder: Jeff Bezos
- Year: 2000
Space programs have been pivotal in expanding humanity’s understanding of the cosmos and fostering technological advancements that benefit life on Earth.
From the early days of the space race to today’s burgeoning era of commercial spaceflight, these programs have transformed our perception of the universe and our place within it.
The inception of space exploration is often marked by the launch of Sputnik 1 by the Soviet Union in 1957. This milestone not only initiated the space race between the United States and the Soviet Union but also showcased the potential for space travel and exploration.
Concurrently, other nations recognized the strategic and scientific value of space exploration. The Soviet Union, with pioneers like Sergei Korolev, continued to make significant strides, including launching the first human, Yuri Gagarin, into space in 1961.
In Asia, India and China developed robust space program, with the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and the China National Space Administration (CNSA) achieving impressive feats.
ISRO’s cost-effective missions, such as the Mars Orbiter Mission, and CNSA’s Chang’e lunar exploration missions have underscored their growing capabilities.
Moreover, international space program cooperation has flourished. The International Space Station (ISS), a joint project involving NASA, Roscosmos, ESA, JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency), and CSA (Canadian Space Agency), symbolizes global collaboration. It serves as a microgravity laboratory for scientific research that benefits humanity.
